Every project begins with the development of an accurate structural loading model. Permanent actions are calculated from the weight of structural members, roof sheeting, insulation, waterproofing systems, ceiling systems, suspended services, and permanently installed equipment. Variable actions are determined according to the intended occupancy and maintenance requirements of the building. Environmental loads are established using site-specific information, including geographic location, terrain category, exposure conditions, roof geometry, and climatic data. These loads are then combined using the appropriate load combinations required by the governing structural design code.

The analytical process evaluates how these loads travel through the roof framing system and into the supporting structure. Load paths are established from the roof cladding through secondary framing members such as purlins and joists, into primary beams, trusses, portal frames, or girders, before ultimately transferring forces into columns, walls, and foundations. Understanding these load paths is essential when verifying the adequacy of both new roof systems and existing structures undergoing modification or increased loading.

Wind loading often governs the design of large-span roofs, particularly in wide, low-rise commercial buildings with significant exposed surface area. Our engineering assessments evaluate both downward wind pressures and uplift forces acting across different roof zones, including corners, edges, parapets, overhangs, and canopies where local pressures may be significantly higher than across the main roof surface. Internal pressure effects resulting from building openings are also incorporated where required. The resulting analysis verifies the adequacy of structural framing, support reactions, and uplift resistance throughout the entire roof system.

Where projects are located in regions subject to snow loading, we evaluate both uniform snow loads and localized accumulation resulting from roof geometry, parapets, height variations, adjacent structures, drifting effects, and sliding snow. Uneven snow distribution can generate highly concentrated loading that governs the design of specific structural members despite relatively modest average roof loads. These effects are incorporated into the structural model to ensure critical members are designed for the most demanding loading conditions likely to occur during the building's service life.